Beep beep! Move over for IBM's super Roadrunner

IBM once again dominated the competition in semi-annual rankings of supercomputers - but the big news is what's coming next year.

The company is working on a computer nicknamed 'Roadrunner' that will combine Cell processors - a family of chips found inside the PlayStation 3 - and processors from Advanced Micro Devices.

Roadrunner, to be delivered to the US Department of Energy's Los Alamos National Laboratory in summer 2008, will be capable of performing more than a quadrillion operations, or a petaflop, when it's fully operational. IBM helped design and build the Cell chip and has been looking for ways to expand its commercial potential.

A computer that can churn a petaflop has been a longstanding goal for many manufacturers. IBM had the fastest computer on the Top500 Supercomputer Sites list, which was released yesterday at the SC07 conference in Reno, US.

The top machine, the Blue Gene/L supercomputer - located at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory - is capable of 478.2 trillion operations, or 478.2 teraflops per second. The Roadrunner will be twice as powerful.

These giant leaps are becoming common in the supercomputing world thanks to clustering. This means supercomputers are now assembled through racks of smaller servers woven together through thousands of high-speed links – rather than being one indivisible whole.

The Blue Gene/L was at the top of the list six months ago but was only churning out 280.6 teraflops. The cluster was substantially upgraded since the last test.

The system ranked last on the current list would have been ranked number 255 just six months ago, 406 of the computers on the list were defined as clusters.

IBM placed four computers in the top 10, 38 in the top 100 and 232 in the overall list of 500. Back in June, IBM had six computers in the top 10 but only 192 in the overall list of 500. The number two system on the list, the Blue Gene/P located in a lab in Germany that's similar to but smaller than the one in Livermore, clocked in at 167 teraflops.

HP had the second highest number of supercomputers on the list with 166. Six months ago, HP had more on the list than IBM. For most of the past several years, IBM has had the most computers on the list.

A total of 354 computers relied on Intel processors, up from 289 six months ago. Processor manufacturer AMD still ranked number two but saw the number of computers with its chips decline from 105 six months ago to 78 today.

India cracked the top 10 for the first time. The Computational Research Laboratories - a subsidiary of the Tata conglomerate, India - installed a HP Cluster Platform 3000 BL460c system with 117.9 teraflops. Pune is becoming a major tech centre in India.

The main measurement used in compiling the list is the Linpack measurement, which each system having to solve a dense system of linear equations. The Top500 acknowledges it isn't a complete test of system performance but it's a way to test for performance on a similar problem across each system. The need for a more complete benchmarking system has been discussed for several years.

Michael Kanellos writes for CNET News.com